Pacific SST Anomalies & Global Teleconnections

NOAA OISST v2.1 • ERSSTv5 ONI • PMEL TAO Buoy Array

High-resolution 0.25° optimal interpolation sea surface temperatures, 20°C isotherm thermocline depth, baroclinic Kelvin wave propagation, and Bjerknes feedback modeling.

Climate Central CoastalDEM • NOAA SLR Viewer • IPCC SROCC

Neural-network corrected digital elevation models removing canopy bias, coupled with local groundwater subsidence vectors, porous limestone geology, and extreme storm-surge return frequencies.

Rayleigh-Cabannes λ⁻⁴ • Henyey-Greenstein g=0.74 • Scale Height H=8.4km

Line-of-sight optical air mass density integration reproducing preferential 440nm azure scattering, solar Mie forward glare, and twilight terminator reddening.

NASA OMI/Aura • Sentinel-5P TROPOMI • TOMS Scale

Dobson Units (DU) simulation modeling Brewer-Dobson circulation mid-latitude ribbons (360–420 DU), tropical photochemistry, and austral spring Antarctic polar vortex depletion (<130 DU).

EC JRC GHSL Built-Up • NASA SEDAC GPWv4 • Suomi-NPP VIIRS

European Commission JRC multi-satellite settlement grids combined with Columbia CIESIN gridded population and VIIRS calibrated nocturnal radiometry.

IHO/IOC UNESCO GEBCO • NOAA NCEI ETOPO 2022

Harmonized global terrain and ocean floor bathymetry spanning -10,924m (Challenger Deep) to +8,848m (Mount Everest) at 15 arc-second resolution.

Peter Bird (2003) G-Cubed • Smithsonian GVP Holocene

Lithospheric plate boundary vectors, subduction megathrust locking zones (Cascadia, Nankai, Sumatra), and active Smithsonian eruptive volcanic centers.

MODIS/VIIRS 375m FRP • DFO Hydrology • NOAA IBTrACS v4

Active thermal fire radiative power (MW), historical large-scale flood inundation polygons, and global tropical cyclone best-track archives.

NASA JPL Horizons DE440/DE441 • Lunar Orbit 5.14°

Earth-Moon barycentric dynamics, tidal locking, solar declination under 23.44° ecliptic obliquity, and Venusian synodic resonance.

WMO RSMCs • JTWC • NOAA NHC • JMA • IMD • Météo-France • BoM

Multi-basin jurisdictional federation, WMO empirical wind metric normalization (V₁₋ₘᵢₙ ≈ 1.14 × V₁₀₋ₘᵢₙ), analytical Holland wind/pressure vortex profiles, asymmetric wind radii quadrants (R34/R50/R64), and antimeridian-safe spline tracking.